![]() Device for operating bulbs
专利摘要:
The device according to the invention is suitable for use in luminaires which comprise an operating device (3) for a luminous means (2) and at least one luminous means (2). The light-emitting means (2) exhibits at least one light-emitting diode (2.1) and has at least one input connection (7.2) for the voltage supply of the light-emitting means (2) by the operating device (3). The device according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises an impedance element (8) which is electrically connected to the at least one input terminal (7.2) of the luminous means (2), preferably a capacitance (9), and thus the effects of input overvoltages on the connected illuminant (2) reduces and / or avoids. 公开号:AT16354U1 申请号:TGM192/2015U 申请日:2015-07-02 公开日:2019-07-15 发明作者: 申请人:Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg; IPC主号:
专利说明:
description DEVICE FOR OPERATING LUMINAIRES The present invention relates to a device for operating illuminants, an operating device for controlling the illuminants being used for this. In particular, an arrangement for the operation of lamps with improved behavior in the event of overvoltages on the input-side supply lines of the operating device, and a correspondingly equipped lamp are the subject of the invention. Devices and circuit arrangements are known from the literature which show light-emitting diodes with corresponding operating devices (ballasts, LED converters) for controlling the light-emitting diodes for lighting purposes. The international publication WO 2014/113827 A1 discloses an LED module, a lamp equipped with the LED module and a method for operating an LED module. The LED module comprises at least one light-emitting diode (LED) and is coupled to an operating device via an input connection of the LED module. The control gear supplies the LED module with energy. The operating device can be designed such that it limits an output current for the LED module by means of suitable circuitry measures. This can reduce the risk of the LED being destroyed by excessive currents. The LED module also has a controllable switching means that interrupts a conductive connection between the input connection and the at least one light-emitting diode when the input voltage of the LED module exceeds a certain value. This realizes an improved overcurrent limitation for the light-emitting diode, which reduces the effects of voltage peaks and overvoltages on an input supply voltage of the operating device. [0004] An operating device or ballast for a lamp is known from EP 0 634 087 B2. The ballast shown is in particular designed to suppress flickering at the mains frequency, as can be observed for gas discharge lamps at low illuminance levels in a dimmed operating state. For this purpose, the ballast for gas discharge lamps proposes various circuitry measures. For example, the circuit-internal reference potential connection of the ballast is alternately connected to the protective earth PE of the supplying AC network. Such a connection would be realized by a capacitor within the ballast. Overvoltages can occur on the input-side (primary-side) supply lines of an operating device for LEDs, which can lead to considerable damage in electronic circuits. If the protective measures possibly provided for this in the control gear are insufficient and on the output side (secondary side) of the control gear overvoltages caused by the input-side overvoltage occur on the supply lines for LEDs, there is a risk for the LEDs up to their destruction. Based on the problem described above, the present invention has for its object to reduce the risks for lamps such as light emitting diodes, which are supplied by upstream operating devices, caused by overvoltages on the network side. The object is achieved by an arrangement for operating lamps with the features of claim 1. A device according to the invention comprises an operating device for a lamp and at least one lamp, the lamp in particular comprising at least one light emitting diode. The illuminant has at least one input connection for coupling the illuminant to the operating device. The device is distinguished by the fact that it is electrically connected to the at least one input connection of the illuminant AT16 354U1 2019-07-15 Austrian Patent Office Includes impedance element that connects this input terminal to a virtual ground. A virtual element is a conductive element that does not have to be at the same potential as the PE conductor of the supply network. The impedance element arranged in parallel on the connection between the operating device and the illuminant brings about a reduction in secondary overvoltages and thus leads to improved protection of the downstream illuminants. The impedance element is easy to implement and can also be retrofitted in luminaires that do not have any further circuitry measures to protect the lamps from secondary overvoltages. Thus, with the help of the solution according to the invention, the possibilities for operating lamps with regard to the service life of the lamps and the probability of failure of the lamp are expanded, these advantages being achieved with only a slight additional outlay in terms of circuitry. Advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims. According to the present invention, it is additionally particularly preferred if the device comprises at least one capacitive element (capacitor) as an impedance element. A capacitive element effects the effective dissipation of transient overvoltages on the secondary supply lines of the operating device to the illuminant and thus reduces the overvoltages. In a further advantageous embodiment, the device comprises the impedance element with an ohmic resistor arranged parallel to the at least one capacitor. The ohmic resistance extends the effect of the impedance element by dissipating electrostatic charges. The device according to a further embodiment comprises an impedance element arranged in such a way that it is arranged in an electrically connecting manner from the at least one input connection of the lamp to a conductive housing of the lamp, the conductive housing serving as a virtual ground of the lamp. In further embodiments of the device according to the invention, the impedance element is either in an output stage of the operating device and thus within a housing of the operating device, or outside the operating device and at the same time outside the lamp to one of usually two supply lines, or directly to the input connection of the lamp and at the same time arranged within the lamp or its housing. The technical problem is also solved by a lamp which comprises a device according to one of the above embodiments. In a preferred embodiment of the lamp, the lamp is designed especially for outdoor use. The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawing. 1 shows a schematic configuration of an arrangement according to the invention consisting of an operating device for operating lamps, a lamp and its control, [0020] FIG. 2 [0021] FIG. 3 shows a first and a second schematic embodiment of an impedance element according to the invention 2 shows a side view and a sectional illustration A - A of a luminaire for outdoor use, which comprises the arrangement according to the invention comprising an operating device for operating illuminants and illuminants, 2/12 AT16 354U1 2019-07-15 Austrian Patent Office [0022] Fig.4 [0023] Fig.5 [0024] Fig. 6 [0025] Fig. 7 shows a measuring arrangement for determining the effectiveness of the arrangement according to the invention from an operating device for operating illuminants, 4, a further measurement arrangement for determining the effectiveness of the arrangement according to the invention from an operating device for operating lamps, and a table with results of a measurement series with the measurement arrangement according to FIG. 6. In the figures, the same reference numerals show the same or corresponding elements. For reasons of illustration, repetition is largely dispensed with in the following description of advantageous exemplary embodiments of the teaching according to the invention. In FIG. 1, an embodiment of an arrangement 1 according to the invention comprising an operating device 3 for operating lamps, a lamp 2 and the impedance element 8 is shown using a block diagram. In contrast to the case illustrated in the drawing, the operating device 3 can also supply a large number of lamps 2 without restricting the generality of the following explanations. A module comprising one or a plurality of light-emitting diodes (light emitting diodes - in short: LED) is adopted as the illuminant 2 without restricting the generality. Such lamps 2 are increasingly common for the illumination of rooms as well as for use for lighting purposes outdoors. The illuminant 2 is supplied with a supply voltage via the input connections 7.1, 7.2. The individual LEDs are often connected in series. The illuminant 2 can further comprise a heat sink or heat sink for dissipating heat from the individual LEDs. As semiconductor components, the LEDs are particularly at risk from supply currents that are too high and / or overvoltage peaks in the supply voltage. The heat that occurs in this case can lead to thermal destruction of the LED. The operating device 3 is connected to the lamp 2 and supplies the lamp 3 with energy via supply lines. The operating device 3 can be designed to be configurable for the operation of a large number of different illuminants 2. The operating device 3 can be designed such that it comprises a device for limiting the output current flowing via the outputs LED + 6.1 and LED 6.2 connected to the illuminant 2. This can reduce the risk of damage or destruction to the lamp or lamps 2. The operating device 3 is designed for the generation of the supply voltage for the illuminant 2 from a main power supply (network). For this purpose, the operating device 3 shown in FIG. 1 has a first connection L 4.1 for an active conductor L (colloquially referred to as phase), a second connection 4.2 for a neutral conductor N (neutral conductor) and a third connection 4.3 for a protective conductor PE. The operating device 3 usually has a rectifier circuit for generating DC voltage from the AC voltage obtained via the mains, a converter for converting the generated DC voltage into a suitable supply voltage for the downstream lamps 2. Damages in the electronic circuits of the control gear 3 can be caused by overvoltages in the primary power supply of the control gear 3. Such overvoltages can be caused by thunderstorms, lightning and comparable atmospheric phenomena, electrostatic discharges, switching processes in the main supply network, switching of consumers, etc. as transient overvoltages and therefore depend on the location of the arrangement. Overvoltages with voltage values in the order of magnitude of several kV, for example 2 or 4 kV, can occur. The length of time 3/12 AT16 354U1 2019-07-15 Austrian Patent Office for such overvoltages can range from pulse lengths of a few 10 ps to a few 100 ps. The rise times for overvoltage pulses due to electrostatic discharges can be in the range below one ns. [0033] Transient overvoltages caused by external interference sources can be caused capacitively via influence or inductively via supply and / or signal lines or via strong electromagnetic fields and / or electromagnetic waves. To protect the operating device 3 itself and to prevent strikes of voltage peaks through the supply voltage to the lamp 2 and thus damage to the lamp 2, 3 protective measures can be taken within the device 3 by the manufacturer of the device. For example, an overvoltage protection device can be connected between an active conductor L and a neutral conductor N in a driver circuit of the operating device 3 and thus within a housing of the operating device 3. Surge protective devices within electronic devices can be implemented, for example, with suppressor diodes, varistors, protective diodes and interference suppression capacitors. An overvoltage protection device between an active conductor L and a neutral conductor N is, however, not suitable for preventing overvoltages on the supply lines to the illuminant 3 caused by asymmetrical overvoltages, ie overvoltages of at least one of the conductors L, N against the protective conductor PE. The inventive device from an arrangement of an operating device 3 and a lamp 2, however, additionally has an impedance element 8 connected to a connection point 7.2 on the supply line LED to a connection point 8.1 of a virtual ground, which are at the same potential with the PE protective conductor can, but does not have to. This impedance element 8 can also be arranged on the supply line LED + connected from a further connection point 5.1 to the virtual ground. A virtual ground is a point of an electrical (circuit) arrangement that has a ground potential despite flowing currents, but does not have to be connected directly to the protective earth or the protective conductor PE. Such a virtual mass can be formed by a larger component of a lamp which is equipped with the illuminant 3. This is a component made of conductive material, for example a metallic housing of the lamp. The potential of this virtual mass in the form of a metallic housing does not have to match the potential of the PE conductor in a narrower sense. 2 shows possible exemplary embodiments for the impedance element 8. In the left part of the figure, the impedance element 8 is formed by a capacitor as a capacitive element. In the right part of the figure, the impedance element 8 comprises a parallel connection of a capacitor 9 as a capacitive element and a resistor 10 as an ohmic element. The ohmic resistance is particularly suitable for dissipating electrostatic charges such as can occur especially in the case of housing parts not connected to the PE conductor. Typical values for suitable capacitors of the capacitor 9 are 4.7 pF with a correspondingly high dielectric strength of a few kV. A suitable resistor 10 shows ohmic resistance values of 1 Ω. In the following, an application of an exemplary embodiment in an outdoor lamp, that is to say a lamp which is intended for use outside closed rooms, is shown with reference to FIG. The lower half of FIG. 3 shows a horizontal view of the lamp 13 with its essential components. The lamp 13 comprises a support tube 14 with which the lamp 13 is attached to the floor or in a wall bracket. The upper support tube section 15 is widened and can thus provide space for electrical assemblies of the lamp 13, electrical connections for main supply lines running within the support tube 14, energy stores such as batteries, and other electrical components. The actual lamp body includes one on the upper one 4.12 AT16 354U1 2019-07-15 Austrian Patent Office Support tube section 15 conically shaped transparent and thus translucent housing 17, a holder 16 located in the center therein in the form of a tube section. A reflector 18 is arranged at the upper end of the tubular holder 16. The reflector 18 is also conical in shape and determines the emission characteristic of the light generated by the illuminant 2. The illuminant 2 is arranged in the form of an annular carrier with a plurality of LEDs on the inside of the essentially plate-shaped lamp cover 19. The lamp cover 19 has a circular shape and closes the transparent, translucent housing 17 and thus the lamp body from the top. This means that all electrical and optical components are protected inside a closed luminaire body. This is particularly advantageous with regard to the use of the lamp 12 outdoors. The lamp cover 19 is preferably made of metal and serves as a receptacle for the illuminant 2 and the control gear 3 and the impedance element 8. The impedance element 8 is in the case shown in FIG. 3 without restriction of generality from a capacitor 9 and one ohmic resistor 10 composed. The upper half of FIG. 3 shows a (interior) view of the assembly of the lamp cover 19 of the lamp 13 with its essential components when the lamp is viewed along the horizontal section line AA in the direction of the arrows in FIG. 3 becomes. The input connections 7.1.7.2 of the illuminant 2 and the electrical connection of the capacitor 9 and the resistor 10 are also shown, starting from a connection point 5.1 on the supply line LED + with the metallic lamp cover 19 at a connection point 8.1. In the case shown, the connection 5.1 is conductively connected to the connecting line LED + between the connection point 6.1 of the operating device 3 and the connection point 7.1 of the illuminant 2. In the case shown, the connection 5.2 is electrically conductively connected to the connecting line LED between the connection point 6.2 of the operating device 3 and the connection point 7.2 of the illuminant 2. There is no direct electrical connection between the lamp cover 19 and the protective conductor PE of the main supply network. The ohmic resistor 10 is used for potential compensation. In the application example shown, this is necessary for a luminaire 12 for outdoor use, since only a virtual protective earth is present. In this case in particular, weather effects such as wind, dry and cold weather can generate electrostatic charges, which in turn cause electrostatic discharges due to voltages with values of up to a few kV. These voltages can damage and destroy the light source 2 and in particular light emitting diodes. The resistor 10 shown in the exemplary embodiment shown is suitable for preventing this risk. A in typical value of 1 Ω is used for the resistor 10 in the exemplary embodiment shown. However, other values are also possible. In Fig. 3, a capacitor 9 with a capacity of 4.7 nF and an (AC) dielectric strength of 4 kVAC is connected between the connecting line LED and the lamp cover 19 as a virtual ground. The capacitor 9 can also be connected between the connecting line LED + and the lamp cover 19 as a virtual ground. The advantageous properties of the invention are shown below with the aid of FIGS. 4 to 7 in two measurement series, each with a specific measurement set-up using the lamp cover 19 with the corresponding circuit arrangement according to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3. An overvoltage between the L conductor or the neutral conductor N on the one hand and the protective conductor PE on the other hand is fed in on the primary side of the operating device 3. It is irrelevant for the results whether the overvoltage is generated between the phase L and protective conductor PE or between the neutral conductor N and the protective conductor PE. An overview of FIG. 4 of a first measurement setup is shown in FIG. 4. The 5/12 AT16 354U1 2019-07-15 Austrian Patent Office 3 arranged on a base plate 20 made of wood. The lamp cover 19 is not connected to the protective conductor PE in an electrically conductive manner, but is a virtual ground for the lamp 2. An LED converter is used as the operating device 3. The illuminant 2 is an LED module. A power supply 22 is used to apply overvoltages between the conductor L and the protective conductor PE with peak voltages Vpk between 500 V and 2500 V to the primary-side inputs 4.1, 4.3 of the operating device 3. Measurements ensure that it is irrelevant for the measurement results whether the overvoltages occur between inputs 4.1 and 4.3, i.e. between phase L and protective earth PE, or between the neutral conductor N and the protective conductor PE. The supply voltage LED + of the operating device 3 and the voltage peaks Vpk occurring in this supply voltage are determined using an oscilloscope 21 and a power measuring head (not shown in FIG. 4). These voltage peaks Vpk are measured on the one hand with respect to the protective earth PE in accordance with the dashed connection in FIG. 4 and on the other hand with respect to the virtual mass formed by the metallic lamp cover 19 in accordance with the solid connection. The measurements are further carried out for an arrangement according to the invention with an impedance element 8 between the supply voltage line LED and the lamp cover 19 and for an arrangement without an impedance element 8. The impedance element 8 used here comprises a capacitor with 4.7 nF and an ohmic resistor with 1 Ω connected in parallel with it. The measured values determined using the test setup and test procedure described above are shown in the table in FIG. 5. It can be seen from the table in FIG. 5 that the impedance element 8 according to the invention, owing to the parallel capacitance 9, significantly improves the overvoltage behavior of the supply voltage for the illuminant 2. The measured peak voltages on the supply line LED + are reduced for a primary-side voltage peak of 2500 V from a secondary-side voltage peak of 110 V, measured with respect to the lamp cover 19, to a secondary-side voltage peak with 74 V measured with respect to the lamp cover 19. 6 shows a measurement setup corresponding to FIG. 4. The structure differs from that shown in FIG. 4 in that the lamp cover 19 is arranged on an insulated metal plate 23 connected to protective earth. The metal plate 23 is electrically conductively connected to the protective conductor PE at a grounding point 24. The metal plate 23 is arranged on the base plate 20 made of wood and on the metal plate 23 is on an insulating layer, not shown in the drawing, the lamp cover 19. The lamp cover 19 has no electrically conductive contact with the grounded metal plate 23. For further details of the 6 suffices to refer to the corresponding sections of the measurement setup according to FIG. 4. The corresponding measured values for the table shown in FIG. 5 with the measurement setup according to FIG. 6 are determined. The correspondingly determined measured values for the measurement setup according to FIG. 5 are shown in the table according to FIG. 7. It can be seen from the table in FIG. 7 that the impedance element 8 according to the invention in turn significantly improves the overvoltage behavior of the supply voltage for the illuminant 2 due to the parallel capacitance 9. The measured peak voltages on the supply line LED + are almost halved for a primary voltage peak of 2500 V from a secondary voltage peak of 450 V compared to the lamp cover 19 to a secondary voltage peak of 213 V compared to the lamp cover 19. 6/12 AT16 354U1 2019-07-15 Austrian Patent Office Summarizing the results of the tables according to FIGS. 5 and 7, it can be seen that the behavior of the device 1 with an impedance element 8 according to the invention improves the behavior in the event of transient overvoltages to a considerable extent , In particular for the experimental setup according to FIG. 6 with an insulated metal plate on a wooden base plate, a measured peak voltage between the connecting line LED + and the lamp cover 19 is approximately halved when the capacitive element of the impedance element 8 according to the invention is used. Even if the invention was explained above using an impedance element 8 from a capacitor 9 and a resistor 10 according to the preferred combination, other circuit implementations with suitable combinations of inductive, capacitive and ohmic elements are possible in order to achieve the advantageous effect achieve. Furthermore, the components of the impedance element 8 can be installed in a lamp 12 with an already existing operating device 3. This can be particularly advantageous for manufacturers of luminaires 12 if the control gear 3 used shows the problem of overvoltage at the supply voltage outputs LED + , LED. The components of the impedance element 8 according to the invention can also be provided after an output stage at the output of the operating device 3. It is equally possible to use only the capacitor 10, or else an impedance element 8 consisting of a capacitor 9 and a resistor 10. 12.07 AT16 354U1 2019-07-15 Austrian Patent Office
权利要求:
Claims (12) [1] Expectations 1. Device comprising an operating device (3) for a lamp and at least one lamp (2), the lamp (2) comprising at least one input connection (7.2) for coupling the lamp (2) to the operating device (3), and characterized that the device further comprises an impedance element (8) connected to the at least one input connection (7.2), the impedance element (8) connects the at least one input connection (7.1) to a virtual ground of a lamp (12) assigned to the lighting means (2). [2] 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the impedance element (8) comprises at least one capacitor (9). [3] 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the impedance element (8) comprises a resistor (10) arranged in parallel with the at least one capacitor (9). [4] 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the illuminant (2) comprises at least one light-emitting diode (2.1) and connects the impedance element of the LED connection (6.2) to the virtual ground. [5] 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the impedance element (8) from the at least one input connection (7.1) to a conductive housing (19) of the lamp (12) is arranged as connecting the virtual ground. [6] 6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the impedance element (8) in an output stage of the operating device (3), or outside the operating device (3) and the illuminant (2), or at the input terminal (7.2) and is arranged within the illuminant (2). [7] 7. Lamp, characterized in that the lamp (12) comprises a device according to one of claims 1 to 6. [8] 8. Lamp according to claim 7, characterized in that the lamp (12) is designed to be used outdoors. 4 sheets of drawings 8/12 AT16 354U1 2019-07-15 Austrian Patent Office 1.4 Fig. 2 [9] 9.12 AT16 354U1 2019-07-15 Austrian Patent Office 2.4 Fig. 3 [10] 10/12 AT16 354U1 2019-07-15 Austrian Patent Office 3.4 Figure 4 Construction on an insulating base plate L / PE Luminaire not earthed, with 4.7nF / lMG impedance element LED * for luminaire Luminaire not grounded, without 4.7nF / lMQImpedance element LED 'to luminaire (Vpk) (Vpk)LED + / PE (Vpk) LED + / light (Vpk)LED + / PE (Vpk) LED + / light 500 730 <50 730 <50 1000 1430 47 1430 56 1500 2250 57 2240 75 2000 2930 66 2910 94 2500 3590 74 3590 110 Figure 5 [11] 11/12 AT16 354U1 2019-07-15 Austrian Patent Office 4.4 Structure on a conductive plate on an insulating base plate L / PE Luminaire not earthed, with 4.7nF // lMQ impedance element LEO to luminaire Luminaire not grounded, without 4.7nF // lMfi impedance element LED to luminaire (Vpk) (Vpk)LED + / PE (Vpk) LED + / light (Vpk)LED + / PE (Vpk) LED + / light 500 840 73 840 136 1000 1450 103 1450 213 1500 2000 136 2000 290 2000 2550 163 2550 360 2500 3080 213 3090 450 Figure 7 [12] 12/12 11¾¾ Austria's patent office
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同族专利:
公开号 | 公开日 EP3060030B1|2020-04-08| EP3060030A1|2016-08-24| DE202015100759U1|2016-05-19|
引用文献:
公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题 JP2010080381A|2008-09-29|2010-04-08|Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corp|Led lighting device and illumination apparatus| KR101040215B1|2010-11-11|2011-06-09| 이미지라이트|Street light having function of surge protection| US20140368124A1|2013-06-17|2014-12-18|Koninklijke Philips N.V|Driver with isolation and surge signal protection| DE202014102063U1|2014-05-02|2014-06-06|Kaoyi Electronic Technologic Co., Ltd.|Light emitting diode circuit board, protection circuit against high voltage pulses of the light emitting diode circuit board and light emitting diode lamp| DE4210624A1|1992-03-31|1993-10-07|Tridonic Bauelemente|Electronic ballast for a gas discharge lamp| EP1844633B1|2005-01-28|2009-04-08|Philips Intellectual Property & Standards GmbH|Circuit arrangement and method for the operation of a high-pressure gas discharge lamp| DE202005019739U1|2005-12-15|2006-03-02|Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH|Luminaire and for protection class 2| DE202011005045U1|2010-04-08|2011-08-10|Tridonic Ag|Protective element for an electronic ballast| JP4687826B2|2010-07-22|2011-05-25|パナソニック電工株式会社|Separately powered LED lighting device| WO2014113827A1|2013-01-23|2014-07-31|Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg|Led module, lamp and method for operating a led module|DE102016118351A1|2016-09-28|2018-03-29|Vossloh-Schwabe Deutschland Gmbh|Operating device for LED bulbs|
法律状态:
2021-03-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20200731 |
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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题 DE202015100759.0U|DE202015100759U1|2015-02-18|2015-02-18|Device for operating bulbs| 相关专利
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